former
【“以前的、前任的”或“前者”】
former 是一个形容词和名词,主要表示“以前的、前任的”或“前者”。以下是该词的详细解析:
1. 形容词 (adjective)
🔹 former [ˈfɔːrmər] — 以前的、从前的、前任的
(1) 指过去的身份或状态(= previous, earlier)
- 表示某人或某事物在过去是某种身份或状态,但现在不再是。
- 例如:She is a former teacher.
(她曾是一名教师。) - 例如:The former president gave a speech at the event.
(前总统在活动上发表了演讲。) - 例如:This building was a former factory.
(这栋建筑以前是一家工厂。)
- 例如:She is a former teacher.
(2) 用于比较“前者”
- 在对比两个事物时,former 用于指“前者”,与 latter(后者)相对。
- 例如:I have lived in both New York and Los Angeles, but I prefer the former.
(我住过纽约和洛杉矶,但我更喜欢前者——纽约。) - 例如:Between tea and coffee, I would choose the former.
(在茶和咖啡之间,我会选择前者——茶。)
- 例如:I have lived in both New York and Los Angeles, but I prefer the former.
2. 名词 (noun)(较少见)
- former 也可以作为名词使用,指“创造者、形成者”。
- 例如:He is the former of this organization.
(他是这个组织的创建者。)
- 例如:He is the former of this organization.
3. 常见短语
- former life —— 过去的生活、前世
- 例如:In her former life, she was an actress.
(在她过去的生活中,她是一名演员。)
- 例如:In her former life, she was an actress.
- former glory —— 以前的辉煌
- 例如:The castle has been restored to its former glory.
(这座城堡已经恢复了往日的辉煌。)
- 例如:The castle has been restored to its former glory.
- former self —— 以前的自己(指外貌或状态的变化)
- 例如:After the illness, he was just a shadow of his former self.
(生病后,他变得判若两人。)
- 例如:After the illness, he was just a shadow of his former self.
4. former vs. latter
former | latter | |
---|---|---|
含义 | 前者,指先提到的事物 | 后者,指后提到的事物 |
例句 | Between cats and dogs, I prefer the former. | Between cats and dogs, I prefer the latter. |
5. 总结
- former (形容词) = 以前的、前任的
- former (名词,较少用) = 创建者、形成者
- former 与 latter 搭配使用,分别指“前者”和“后者”