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former

【“以前的、前任的”或“前者”】

former 是一个形容词和名词,主要表示“以前的、前任的”或“前者”。以下是该词的详细解析:


1. 形容词 (adjective)

🔹 former [ˈfɔːrmər] — 以前的、从前的、前任的

(1) 指过去的身份或状态(= previous, earlier)

  • 表示某人或某事物在过去是某种身份或状态,但现在不再是。
    • 例如:She is a former teacher.
      (她曾是一名教师。)
    • 例如:The former president gave a speech at the event.
      (前总统在活动上发表了演讲。)
    • 例如:This building was a former factory.
      (这栋建筑以前是一家工厂。)

(2) 用于比较“前者”

  • 在对比两个事物时,former 用于指“前者”,与 latter(后者)相对。
    • 例如:I have lived in both New York and Los Angeles, but I prefer the former.
      (我住过纽约和洛杉矶,但我更喜欢前者——纽约。)
    • 例如:Between tea and coffee, I would choose the former.
      (在茶和咖啡之间,我会选择前者——茶。)

2. 名词 (noun)(较少见)

  • former 也可以作为名词使用,指“创造者、形成者”。
    • 例如:He is the former of this organization.
      (他是这个组织的创建者。)

3. 常见短语

  • former life —— 过去的生活、前世
    • 例如:In her former life, she was an actress.
      (在她过去的生活中,她是一名演员。)
  • former glory —— 以前的辉煌
    • 例如:The castle has been restored to its former glory.
      (这座城堡已经恢复了往日的辉煌。)
  • former self —— 以前的自己(指外貌或状态的变化)
    • 例如:After the illness, he was just a shadow of his former self.
      (生病后,他变得判若两人。)

4. former vs. latter

 formerlatter
含义前者,指先提到的事物后者,指后提到的事物
例句Between cats and dogs, I prefer the former.Between cats and dogs, I prefer the latter.

5. 总结

  • former (形容词) = 以前的、前任的
  • former (名词,较少用) = 创建者、形成者
  • former 与 latter 搭配使用,分别指“前者”和“后者”
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