shave
【刮、剃、修剪(毛发或胡须),】
Shave 是一个动词,也可以用作名词,主要意思是刮、剃、修剪(毛发或胡须),以及擦过、侥幸脱险等。
1. 作为动词(Verb)
① 刮掉、剃掉(毛发、胡须)
"Shave" 最常见的意思是用剃刀或其他工具刮掉毛发,可以指胡须、头发或身体其他部位的毛发。
✅ 例句:
- He shaves his beard every morning.
(他每天早上刮胡子。) - I need to shave my legs before the party.
(聚会前我需要刮腿毛。) - He shaved his head completely bald.
(他把头剃得光秃秃的。)
📌 搭配:
- Shave one's beard/mustache(刮胡须)
- Shave one's head(剃光头)
- Shave one's legs/armpits(刮腿毛/腋毛)
② 削掉、刮去(某物的一部分)
"Shave" 还可以指刮掉、削去某物表面的一部分。
✅ 例句:
- He shaved a few millimeters off the wooden plank.
(他刨掉了木板的几毫米。) - The carpenter shaved the edges of the table to make it smooth.
(木匠刨光了桌子的边缘。)
③ 险些错过、侥幸避开(擦过)
"Shave" 也可以表示勉强避开、险些发生,类似于 "narrowly escape"。
✅ 例句:
- The car shaved the curb but didn’t hit it.
(那辆车擦到了路沿,但没有撞上。) - He shaved past the defender and scored the goal.
(他险些被后卫拦下,但成功进球。)
📌 常见短语:
- Shave (something) close(险些碰到某物)
- A close shave(千钧一发,侥幸逃脱)
2. 作为名词(Noun)
① 刮胡子、剃须
"Shave" 作为名词时,指刮胡子或剃毛的行为。
✅ 例句:
- He had a quick shave before going to work.
(他上班前快速刮了胡子。) - I need a good shave and a haircut.
(我需要好好刮个胡子再剪个头发。)
📌 相关搭配:
- Give oneself a shave(自己刮胡子)
- A clean shave(刮得很干净)
② A close shave:侥幸逃脱,千钧一发
"A close shave" 是一个习惯表达,意思是险些出事、侥幸逃脱危险。
✅ 例句:
- That was a close shave! The truck almost hit us.
(刚才真是千钧一发!那辆卡车差点撞到我们。) - He had a close shave when he fell off his bike but wasn’t hurt.
(他从自行车上摔下来,但没受伤,真是侥幸。)
3. 常见短语
短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
---|---|---|
Shave off | 剃掉,削去 | He shaved off his mustache.(他刮掉了小胡子。) |
Shave one’s head | 剃光头 | She decided to shave her head for charity.(她决定剃光头做慈善。) |
Shave close | 刮得很干净 | He likes to shave close every morning.(他每天早上喜欢刮得很干净。) |
A close shave | 侥幸逃脱 | That was a close shave—the car nearly hit us!(刚才真险,车差点撞到我们!) |
4. 近义词对比
词汇 | 含义 | 例句 |
---|---|---|
Trim | 修剪(稍微剪短,保持整齐) | I need to trim my beard.(我需要修剪胡子。) |
Cut | 剪、割(可以是头发、布料等) | He cut his hair short.(他剪短了头发。) |
Shear | 剪羊毛、大量剪去 | The farmer sheared the sheep.(农夫给羊剪毛。) |
Clip | 剪短(用剪刀修剪) | He clipped his nails.(他剪了指甲。) |
📌 区别:
- "Shave" 专指用剃刀刮掉毛发,通常是刮光或刮干净。
- "Trim" 只是修剪,不会刮光。
- "Shear" 主要用于大量剪掉毛发,比如剪羊毛。
- "Clip" 一般指用剪刀稍微修剪(比如剪指甲、修剪草坪)。
5. 发音
Shave 的发音是 /ʃeɪv/(美式 & 英式)。
🎧 发音示例:
- /ʃeɪv/ ➡ 读作 "谢夫",类似 "shey-v"
- 过去式:shaved /ʃeɪvd/
- 过去分词:shaved 或 shaven(shaven 更正式,常用于文学表达)
✅ 例句对比:
- He shaved his beard yesterday.(✅ 过去式)
- He has shaved his beard.(✅ 过去分词,常用)
- He has shaven his beard.(✅ 过去分词,文学用法)
6. 总结
词性 | 含义 | 例句 |
---|---|---|
动词(Verb) | 刮胡子、剃毛 | He shaves every morning.(他每天早上刮胡子。) |
动词(Verb) | 刮去、削去 | The carpenter shaved the wood.(木匠刨光了木头。) |
动词(Verb) | 险些擦过、侥幸避开 | The car shaved the wall but didn’t hit it.(车擦到了墙但没撞上。) |
名词(Noun) | 刮胡子、剃须 | I had a quick shave.(我快速刮了胡子。) |
名词(Noun) | 侥幸脱险(a close shave) | That was a close shave!(刚才太惊险了!) |
推荐用法
- 日常刮胡子、剃毛:"shave one’s beard/legs/head"
- 表达刮光:"shave something off"(shave off one’s mustache)
- 表示侥幸逃脱:"a close shave"(That was a close shave!)