decline,incline
【下降,衰退,拒绝 ~ 倾斜,倾向,偏向】
单词:decline 和 incline 的区别
这两个单词的词形相似,但它们在意义和用法上有显著的区别。我们一起来详细探讨。
1. decline
词性:动词,名词
基本含义:
- 动词:下降,衰退,拒绝
- 下降:指数量、质量、状况等的减少或下滑。
- 衰退:指健康、情况、发展等逐渐变差或变弱。
- 拒绝:指对某事或某人的提议或请求表示不接受。
- 名词:下降,衰退,减少
- 指数量、质量或状况的下降,通常用来描述一个持续的负面变化。
用法及例句:
- 作为动词的“下降,衰退”:
- The economy has declined in recent years.
(近几年,经济一直在衰退。) - The quality of the service has declined since the new management took over.
(自从新管理接手以来,服务质量一直在下降。)
- The economy has declined in recent years.
- 作为动词的“拒绝”:
- He declined the invitation to the party.
(他拒绝了聚会的邀请。)
- He declined the invitation to the party.
- 作为名词的“下降,衰退”:
- There has been a significant decline in the number of new customers.
(新客户数量出现了显著的下降。)
- There has been a significant decline in the number of new customers.
常见搭配:
- decline in → …的下降
- decline steadily → 稳步下降
- sharp decline → 急剧下降
- decline an offer → 拒绝一个提议
2. incline
词性:动词,名词
基本含义:
- 动词:倾斜,倾向,偏向
- 倾斜:指某物向某个方向倾斜。
- 倾向:指某人或某事在某方面有偏向或倾向,通常是指情感、意图或观点。
- 名词:倾斜,坡度
- 指物体或地面的一种倾斜状态,通常用于描述斜坡或地形。
用法及例句:
- 作为动词的“倾斜”:
- The tower inclines slightly to the left.
(这座塔略微向左倾斜。)
- The tower inclines slightly to the left.
- 作为动词的“倾向,偏向”:
- She inclines to agree with the proposal.
(她倾向于同意这个提议。) - He has always inclined toward a career in music.
(他一直偏向从事音乐事业。)
- She inclines to agree with the proposal.
- 作为名词的“坡度,倾斜”:
- The hill has a gentle incline.
(这座山丘有一个缓坡。)
- The hill has a gentle incline.
常见搭配:
- incline to → 倾向于,偏向于
- steep incline → 陡坡
- mild incline → 温和的倾斜
3. 主要区别总结
单词 | 含义 | 例子 |
---|---|---|
decline | 下降,衰退,拒绝 | The company's profits have declined. (公司的利润下降了。) |
incline | 倾斜,倾向,偏向 | The path inclines upwards. (这条小路向上倾斜。) |
记忆技巧:
- Decline = 下降,衰退,拒绝,可以联想到“减少”或“变差”,如同事物逐渐“下滑”。
- Incline = 倾斜,偏向,可以联想到“偏向某个方向”,无论是物理上的倾斜,还是情感、态度上的偏向。