exclude
【排除、排斥、拒绝接受】
"Exclude" 是一个动词,表示排除、排斥、拒绝接受,通常用于指将某人或某物从某个范围、群体、活动或考虑中排除掉。
1. 含义
(1) 动词:排除,排斥
"Exclude" 指把某人或某物从一个特定的范围、组群或选择中排除掉,通常是基于某种标准、条件或理由。
例句:
- The club's rules exclude anyone under the age of 18.
(俱乐部的规则排除18岁以下的人。) - We cannot exclude the possibility of error.
(我们不能排除错误的可能性。)
(2) 动词:不包括在内
有时 "exclude" 用于描述不将某项东西包括在某个群体、列表或考虑范围内。
例句:
- The price of the meal excludes tax and tip.
(餐费不包括税费和小费。) - Certain expenses will be excluded from the budget.
(某些开销将不包括在预算内。)
2. 词源
"Exclude" 来自拉丁语 "excludere",由 "ex-"(表示“外”)和 "claudere"(表示“关闭”)组成,意指“关闭外面”,即将某物排除在外。
3. 近义词对比
词汇 | 含义 | 例句 |
---|---|---|
Omit | 忽略,省略 | Don't omit any important details in your report. |
Leave out | 排除在外,遗漏 | You left out my name from the invitation list. |
Reject | 拒绝,排除 | They rejected his proposal after careful consideration. |
Bar | 阻止,排除 | The law bars them from entering the country. |
📌 区别:
- Omit 和 exclude 的意思相似,但 omit 更侧重于没有包括某个部分或细节,而 exclude 更侧重于主动排除或不允许。
- Leave out 通常用于描述忽略或遗漏某物,exclude 更正式,涉及到正式的排除或限制。
- Reject 强调拒绝某物,exclude 则强调不包括或排除在外。
- Bar 常用于描述通过法律或规则限制某人的行动或权利。
4. 常见搭配
- Exclude from:从某个群体或活动中排除
- He was excluded from the meeting due to his behavior.
(由于他的行为,他被排除在会议之外。)
- He was excluded from the meeting due to his behavior.
- Exclude something from:把某事物从某个范围或计划中排除
- The insurance policy excludes damage caused by floods.
(该保险政策排除了由洪水造成的损失。)
- The insurance policy excludes damage caused by floods.
- Exclude someone from:将某人从某项活动、比赛或群体中排除
- They decided to exclude him from the competition for cheating.
(他们决定因作弊而将他排除在比赛之外。)
- They decided to exclude him from the competition for cheating.
5. 总结
词性 | 含义 | 例句 |
---|---|---|
动词 | 排除,排斥,不包括在内 | The rules exclude participants who don't meet the requirements. |
"Exclude" 强调主动地将某人或某物从某个特定的范围、群体或选择中排除,通常是基于一定的标准或规则。它可以用于许多正式和日常场合中。