separation
【分离、分开、隔离、分居】
separation 是一个名词,意思是“分离、分开、隔离、分居”等,常用于物理、情感或法律等不同语境。
1. 基本含义
🔹 separation [ˌsɛpəˈreɪʃən] (名词) —— 分离、分开、隔离、分居
2. 具体用法
(1) 物理上的分离(物体、空间)
指物理上的分开或隔离,不再连在一起。
- The separation of oil and water is a basic scientific principle.
(油和水的分离是一个基本的科学原理。) - The separation between the two buildings is only a few meters.
(这两座建筑物之间的间距只有几米。)
(2) 人与人的分离(情感或法律上的)
- 指感情上的分开,特别是夫妻或情侣的分居、分手
- Their separation was difficult, but they remained friends.
(他们的分开很困难,但他们仍然是朋友。) - After years of marriage, they decided on a trial separation.
(结婚多年后,他们决定试行分居。)
- Their separation was difficult, but they remained friends.
- 也可以指人与人的一般性分离,如远距离分开
- The long separation from his family made him homesick.
(与家人长期分离让他思乡。)
- The long separation from his family made him homesick.
(3) 概念或制度上的分离(如权力、种族)
- 三权分立(separation of powers)
- The U.S. Constitution establishes the separation of powers among the three branches of government.
(美国宪法规定了三权分立的原则。)
- The U.S. Constitution establishes the separation of powers among the three branches of government.
- 种族隔离(racial separation)
- The policy of racial separation was abolished decades ago.
(种族隔离政策几十年前就被废除了。)
- The policy of racial separation was abolished decades ago.
3. separation vs. division vs. segregation 的区别
词汇 | 含义 & 适用场景 |
---|---|
separation | 泛指任何类型的分开,包括物理、情感、法律等(中性词)。 |
division | 强调“划分”,可以是部门、团队或数学上的“除法”。 |
segregation | 主要指“人为隔离”,特别是种族、性别等方面,带有歧视色彩。 |
例子:
- The separation of the couple was amicable.(这对夫妻的分居是友好的。)✅
- The division of the company into two branches was necessary.(公司被划分为两个分支是必要的。)✅
- Racial segregation was legally enforced in some countries in the past.(过去,一些国家曾经实行法律上的种族隔离。)✅
4. 相关短语
- separation anxiety(分离焦虑)
- Many children experience separation anxiety when starting school.
(许多孩子在上学时会经历分离焦虑。)
- Many children experience separation anxiety when starting school.
- separation of church and state(政教分离)
- The principle of separation of church and state is fundamental in many democracies.
(政教分离原则在许多民主国家是基本原则。)
- The principle of separation of church and state is fundamental in many democracies.
- legal separation(法律上的分居)
- They chose legal separation instead of divorce.
(他们选择了法律上的分居,而不是离婚。)
- They chose legal separation instead of divorce.
5. 总结
- separation 泛指一切“分开”
- 可以指 物理上的分开(物体、空间)
- 人与人的分开(情感、法律分居)
- 制度、概念上的分离(权力、种族等)
- 与 division 和 segregation 不同,separation 更加中性,适用范围更广。