propensity
【倾向、习性 或 偏好】
propensity 是一个名词,表示某人或某物的 倾向、习性 或 偏好,指的是在某种行为、态度或情绪上的自然或习惯性倾向。它通常用来描述某人或某物容易表现出来的行为模式,尤其是偏向某种特定的方式。
1. 含义
(1) 倾向、习性
指某人在特定行为、情绪或态度上的自然倾向。这个词通常用来描述一种内在的、经常性的习惯性倾向,通常不带有明显的价值判断。
- She has a propensity for helping others.
(她有帮助他人的倾向。) - He showed a propensity for risk-taking from a young age.
(他从小就表现出冒险的倾向。) - Some people have a propensity to worry about everything.
(有些人有过度担心的习性。)
(2) 倾向于某种情绪或行为
这个词还可以用来描述某人倾向于某种情绪或行为,强调某种习惯性或自然的趋势。
- The company has a propensity to invest in technology startups.
(这家公司倾向于投资科技初创公司。) - He has a strong propensity for becoming angry quickly.
(他有很强的易怒倾向。)
2. 常见短语
- propensity for violence —— 暴力倾向
- His propensity for violence was a major concern for the community.
(他有暴力倾向是社区的主要担忧。)
- His propensity for violence was a major concern for the community.
- propensity to procrastinate —— 拖延的倾向
- She has a propensity to procrastinate on important tasks.
(她有拖延重要任务的倾向。)
- She has a propensity to procrastinate on important tasks.
- propensity to overeat —— 暴饮暴食的倾向
- His propensity to overeat led to health problems.
(他暴饮暴食的习惯导致了健康问题。)
- His propensity to overeat led to health problems.
3. 相关词汇对比
词汇 | 词性 | 含义 | 例句 |
---|---|---|---|
propensity | 名词 | 倾向、习性 | She has a propensity to overwork.(她有过度工作的倾向。) |
tendency | 名词 | 趋势、倾向 | There is a tendency for people to trust the familiar.(人们倾向于信任熟悉的事物。) |
inclination | 名词 | 倾向、意向(更多用于个人兴趣或意图) | He has an inclination towards artistic pursuits.(他倾向于从事艺术活动。) |
habit | 名词 | 习惯、常规 | Smoking is a bad habit.(吸烟是个坏习惯。) |
4. 总结
- propensity 表示某人或某物的 自然倾向、习性,尤其用于描述某种行为或情感上的倾向。
- 它常用来描述一种较为固定或习惯性的趋势,通常是某种个性特征或倾向。
- 与 tendency、inclination 的区别:
- tendency 强调更普遍的趋势,常用于社会、文化、情绪等广泛背景。
- inclination 更多地指个人的兴趣、爱好或意图,侧重内心的动机。
- habit 更侧重于经过一段时间形成的行为习惯。