further
【“更远”、“进一步”或“此外”】
further 既可以是副词、形容词,也可以是动词,意思因词性不同而有所变化。
1. 词性 & 释义
🔹 副词 (adverb)
含义:表示“更远”、“进一步”或“此外”,比 far(远)更进一步。
- 物理上的更远(= farther):
- We need to drive further to reach the town.
(我们需要再开远一点才能到镇上。)
- We need to drive further to reach the town.
- 程度上的更进一步(程度、发展、时间等):
- He wants to study further before getting a job.
(他想进一步学习后再找工作。) - This matter needs to be discussed further.
(这件事需要进一步讨论。)
- He wants to study further before getting a job.
- 额外的,此外(= moreover):
- Further, we need to consider the costs.
(此外,我们还需要考虑成本。)
- Further, we need to consider the costs.
🔹 形容词 (adjective)
含义:表示“更多的、进一步的、额外的”,相当于 additional。
- We need further information to complete the report.
(我们需要更多的信息来完成报告。) - There is no further discussion needed.
(不需要进一步讨论了。) - I have no further questions.
(我没有更多问题了。)
🔹 动词 (verb)
含义:表示“促进,推动,增进”,相当于 promote / advance。
- She worked hard to further her career.
(她努力工作以推动自己的事业发展。) - This project will further our understanding of climate change.
(这个项目将增进我们对气候变化的理解。)
2. further vs. farther
词汇 | 含义 | 适用范围 | 例句 |
---|---|---|---|
further | 更进一步,更多的,促进 | 可指物理距离,也可指抽象概念(时间、程度、发展) | We need to discuss this idea further.(我们需要进一步讨论这个想法。) |
farther | 更远 | 仅用于物理距离 | The gas station is farther down the road.(加油站在更远的路上。) |
👉 总结:
- farther 主要用于物理距离。
- further 可用于抽象和物理距离,也可表示“额外的”或“促进”。
3. 近义词
词汇 | 含义 | 例句 |
---|---|---|
additional | 额外的,附加的 | We need additional resources.(我们需要额外的资源。) |
extra | 额外的,附加的 | There’s no extra charge for this service.(这项服务没有额外收费。) |
promote | 促进,推动 | He worked to promote social justice.(他致力于促进社会公平。) |
advance | 使前进,推动 | The new policy will advance economic growth.(新政策将推动经济增长。) |
4. 例句总结
📌 副词(更远、进一步):
✔️ Can you explain this idea further?(你能进一步解释这个想法吗?)
✔️ We decided to drive further into the countryside.(我们决定再往乡村深处开一点。)
📌 形容词(更多的,额外的):
✔️ No further action is required.(不需要进一步行动。)
✔️ Do you have any further questions?(你还有其他问题吗?)
📌 动词(促进,推动):
✔️ She is taking a course to further her skills.(她正在上课,以提高技能。)
5. 总结
- further (adv.):更远;进一步;此外
- further (adj.):额外的,更多的
- further (v.):促进,推动